Twirwaneho — De Facto Map

Twirwaneho — Armed group · South Kivu highlands · Allied to M23.

Twirwaneho, a Banyamulenge self-defence movement of the high plateaux above Lake Tanganyika, fighting alongside M23 as MRDP-Twirwaneho. It holds the country around Minembwe, and has held the two pieces the map draws at its southern and eastern edges since June 2026. Since then the Congolese army, Burundian troops, Wazalendo militias and foreign private contractors have tried to retake the highlands around Point Zéro, Mulima and Kanguli, while M23 and Rwanda have struck back with drones. The map draws it in a lighter shade of M23's red, behind an M23 outline.