The Iberian Client Tribes in 218 B.C.

The Iberian Client Tribes — Carthage.

Beyond the zone of direct control lay the native peoples of the interior, bound to Carthage by submission, hostage and treaty rather than occupation. From 221 BC Hannibal campaigned through them — subduing the Olcades, crushing the Vaccaei, and routing a great host of Carpetani and their allies at the river Tagus. They were the manpower reservoir of the war: the foot and horse that would follow him over the Pyrenees and the Alps.